5 Simple Statements About KGW Crystal Explained
5 Simple Statements About KGW Crystal Explained
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For a few purposes, tungstates give a mix of various handy Houses. In particular for passive manner locking, ytterbium-doped double tungstates will often be excellent to other media with regards to The mixture of superior achieve bandwidth, large cross-sections, and comparatively very good thermal Homes �?Regardless that in Every single distinct willpower improved elements can be found.
In conclusion, we shown that undoped scintillator crystals: BGO, GGG, YSO, LSO and LYSO are efficient nonlinear products for broadband SC generation from the near-infrared and quick-wave infrared spectral ranges, when pumped by 180 fs fundamental harmonic pulses from an amplified Yb:KGW laser. YSO, LSO and LYSO created two octave-spanning SC spectra, which Review to SC spectra produced in YAG. These components exhibit quite comparable performances to YAG also with regard to threshold and ideal pump pulse energies for SC generation. Nevertheless, for what considerations the likelihood to operate at higher laser pulse repetition level, YSO, LSO and LYSO demonstrate strong operation only at ten kHz and immediately degrade (within just a few minutes) at 20 kHz. Moreover the comparatively small SC era threshold (169 nJ), GGG demonstrated wonderful general performance traits within the shorter-wave infrared While using the optimal pump pulse Vitality of 464 nJ, which is two instances reduce than in YAG: the biggest red-shifted spectral broadening and the very best spectral Electrical power density, outperforming KGW and YAG crystals in that facet.
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The calculated Slice-off wavelengths within the shorter-wavelength facet are according to the general trend of blue-shifted spectral broadening about the bandgap of nonlinear product. The many nonlinear components created affordable red-shifted spectral broadenings under conditions of ideal pump pulse energies, with the most important purple-change exceeding 2000 nm measured in GGG crystal. Our final results uncovered that GGG and BGO (which also had the lowest supercontinuum technology threshold) supply long lasting, optical problems-free of charge overall performance in a laser repetition price of two hundred kHz, suggesting that these supplies are excellent solutions to YAG and KGW for reduced threshold, substantial common energy supercontinuum era while in the in the vicinity of- and brief-wave infrared spectral ranges. We also demonstrated that scintillating Attributes of bulk products more info may very well be quickly researched during the filamentation regime, by means of multiphoton excitation making use of close to-infrared femtosecond laser pulses.
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Ultimately, we investigated the long-term performances of SC era in crystal samples beneath exceptional pumping conditions at larger laser repetition premiums. In doing so, the crystal samples were not translated and kept in the stationary situation with regard to your pump beam in the course of the entire measurement. The examples illustrating sturdy long-term performances of SC technology in KGW and YAG crystals at high laser repetition prices may be found elsewhere. Far more precisely, steady overall performance of KGW crystal at 2 MHz pulse repetition fee under very similar pump beam concentrating geometry was noted recently30, While YAG crystal shown secure effectiveness for several hours at two hundred kHz pulse repetition level In spite of quite limited concentrating with the pump beam (NA=0.085)32. The extensive-expression efficiency checks in LSO, LYSO and YSO disclosed gradual narrowing of your SC spectra within the prolonged-wavelength aspect that transpired immediately after a specific exposure time and could be attributed to your optical degradation of such materials. As an example, in LSO, the onset of spectral narrowing was observed right after (sim twenty) minutes in a laser repetition fee of ten kHz, whilst at a laser repetition price of twenty kHz, stable SC technology functionality was noticed just for roughly two min.
We prepare to spice up the pulse energy to above forty mJ in two-stage multi-pass amplifiers, corresponding to a get factor of 20. In each amplifier, we may even undertake two cascaded crystals placed under orthogonal orientation to decrease the thermal load on Each individual crystal and compensate for your attain-narrowing effect.
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The Yb:KGW laser technique incorporates a quasi-3-degree conduct. The net acquire of your Yb:KGW crystal wasn't high: many tens of roundtrips were required to amplify the nanojoule seed to some millijoule degree. Thus, the gain-narrowing result was unavoidable in Yb:KGW regenerative amplifiers.
Figure four Beam radius variation on the two crystals even though switching the focal duration in the thermal lensing result.
Assembling tungsten oxide hydrate nanocrystal colloids fashioned by laser ablation in liquid into rapid-response electrochromic films.